On 25 May 1992, Hamed Oprasic was arrested in his home and taken away by armed Bosnian Serbs. His son Himzo Oprasic, was later gathered along with other Bosniak civilians – women and children- to be exchanged. While being driven in a truck towards the exchange point, Himzo was taken off the truck by Bosnian Serb soldiers and murdered.
Image: Hamed Oprasic(born 1945)
Image: Himzo Oprasic(born 1983)
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Safet ef. Karaman, imam in a Visegrad mosque, taken away by Serb soldiers in June '92.
Safet ef. Karaman was born on 29.11.1949. in Okrugla near Visegrada. He came from a famous religious family – the Karamans. He finished the Gazi Husrev Bey madrasah in Sarajevo in 1973. In 1989 he became an imam in the Emperor’s mosque(Careva dzamija) in Visegrad. He was the main imam(glavni imam) in Visegrad, an official of the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Besides that, he was one of the founders of the Party of Democratic Action(SDA) in Visegrad and a member of the Main Board(glavni odbor) of the SDA. He refused to leave Visegrad, saying: ”I will not leave Visegrad until my congregation members do” (“Necu otici iz Visegrada dok ima dzematlija“). On 07.06.1992 he was taken away from his apartment by Serb soldiers and led in an unknown direction. Until today his remains have not been found. These Serb soldiers later returned and took the mosque keys from Safet’s wife Vasva. They looted, set ablaze and bulldozed the mosque. Safet’s father, Mustafa ef. Karaman, also an imam in Okruglo, was harassed and beaten by Serb soldiers in front of his house in Okruglo. He and his wife later escaped to Gorazde via Medjedja thanks to guides and resistance soldiers from the First Visegrad Brigade of the Bosnian Army. Safet’s son, who was a a High-school student in Sarajevo, after learning what happened to his father, joined the resistance as an 18-year old.
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Yugoslav People's Army soldiers aiming anti-aircraft guns at Visegrad. April 1992.
* Eliticide/Elitocide – the systematic killing of a community’s political and economic leadership so that the community could not regenerate.
One of the priorities of the Yugoslav People’s Army(JNA)/Army of Republika Srpska(VRS) was to make the Bosniak people confused and headless. In this way they were able to control and manipulate with the Bosniak population. In order to do this, throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina, educated Bosniaks, political and religious leaders were arrested, jailed or murdered.
This was the case in Visegrad. After the Yugoslav People’s Army occupied Visegrad, the Serb Crisis Committee (“krizni stab” led by fascist Serb Democratic Party) took control of the municipality. Leading Bosniak intellectuals, political leaders and activists, members of the Islamic Religious Community (Islamska Vjerska Zajednica), Police officers were expelled from work, arrested, jailed, called for “informative talks”, or kept under house arrest. Serb Police officials gave Serb paramilitary groups lists of Bosniaks who possessed firearms, who then went individually man to man and asked them to turn in their firearms.
Yugoslav People's Army soldiers at the Mehmed-pasa Sokolovic Bridge which was later used as an excecution site by Bosnian Serb Army units.
After the Yugoslav People’s Army supposedly “left” Visegrad (like in the rest of B&H, the soldiers just replaced the emblems from JNA TO VRS), Bosniak intellectuals, political, economic and religious leaders were taken away and murdered by paramilitary groups “White Eagles”,various Chetnik groups, the “Avengers” and others, all of which were under the control of VRS. This is the same pattern used in other Bosnian towns.
Here are some examples of eliticide in Visegrad(click on the names for more information):
1. Safet Zejnilovic – Doctor
2. Fejzo Šabanija – Secretary at Party of Democratic Action (Bosniak political party)
3. Zihnija Omerovic – leading member of the Territorial Defense
4. Himzo Demir – Chemistry teacher, well- known Principal of Secondary School “Hamid Besirovic”.
5. Salko Suceska – Engineer
6. Halil Ahmedspahic – Engineer
7. Behija Zukic – well-known owner of several businesses. Milan Lukic murdered Behija and her husband, stole her red Passat and drove it over the next couple of years.
8. Tufo Tankovic – Principal of “Hasan Veletovac” School. This School would soon become a concentration camp.
9. Safet Efendija Karaman – Imam (Muslim religious priest) at a mosque in Visegrad.
10. Sadik Isic Beli – Mechanical engineer, worked in “Terpentina” factory.
* Updated 12.8.09
Visegrad Genocide Memories 